Customer Relationship Management
CRM handles only the data it owns, primarily sales, marketing, and service data, while enterprises have dozens more systems with customer data
Master Data Management
MDM is focused on master data, with no support for the customer interaction and transaction data needed for a 360-degree view.
Customer Data Platform
CDP is a marketing tool used for segmentation and campaign management. It lacks support for transactional and master data in terms of data integration, data quality, data privacy, and governance.
Data lakes
Data lakes are built for analytical workloads, with limited support for operational, real-time use cases, and data governance.